Chorionic Villus Sampling Medical Test

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS), is primarily used to diagnose whether an unborn baby has a birth defect known as a chromosome abnormality. Depending on where the placenta is located, chorionic villus sampling can be performed through the cervix (transcervical) or through the abdomen (transabdominal). The techniques are thought to be equally safe and effective for obtaining samples. It is an alternative to amniocentesis (where a sample of the mother's amniotic fluid is taken for testing), to test for serious foetal problems. Chorionic villus sampling has the advantage that it can be done earlier than amniocentesis, at about ten weeks after fertilisation. The test takes around 20 minutes to perform. Chorionic villi are tiny fingerlike growths found in the placenta. The genetic material in chorionic villus cells is the same as that in the baby's cells. During CVS, a sample of the chorionic villus cells is taken for biopsy. The chorionic villus sample can be collected by putting a thin flexible tube through the vagina and cervix into the placenta. The sample can also be collected through a long, thin needle put through the belly into the placenta.

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